Breast Ultrasound

Loomis-Alvarez Video Series correlating structure, function, and clinical applications to facilitate medical student understanding of complex anatomical and physiological concepts. In this episode, we present a breast ultrasound with live imaging correlated with mammography. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the 5th leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Therefore, screening and early detection are critical. While mammography is the primary screening modality, ultrasound can be complementary and, in some cases, preferable for younger women and those with dense breast tissue. It is particularly useful in distinguishing cysts from solid masses. Ultrasound is also useful as a guide to biopsying and excising breast tumors. Ultrasound is portable, avoids ionizing radiation with its cancer risk, and is easily performed in an office setting. By following the position of the probe on the breast, juxtaposed with the ultrasound image, students and residents can improve their understanding of the structures of the breast, chest wall, and axilla, and they relate to the physical examination and diagnostic imaging.