Scholarly Works @ SHSU
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Recent Submissions
The mentally ill offender in Texas
(Sam Houston State University, 1971-05) Valieant, John H.,1939-; Friel, Charles M.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine, analyze, and evaluate the application and administration of the laws, regulations, and rules affecting the procedures and processes relative to the trial, commitment, hospitalization, and disposition of offenders who have been declared insane or are considered mentally ill in the State of Texas. The aim of the study was to present a clearer and more precise understanding of the plight of the criminally insane and mentally ill offender.
Methods
The methods utilized in this study were basically library research into the applicable literature in the field as well as personal interviews with individuals involved with the issue of the criminally insane and mentally ill offender.
Findings
1.
The proposed Penal Code and conforming amendments recommended by the State Bar Committee with respect to the issue of insanity and mental incompetence will materially assist the courts, hospitals and all personnel dealing with this issue.,
2.
The proposed amendment to the State Constitution, Article 1, Section 15b, is necessary for the proper implementation of the proposed Penal Code provisions in this area.
3.
Article 6203e of the Texas Civil Statutes with respect to the State Prison Psychopathic Hospital conflicts with Articles 46.01 and 46.02 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
4.
There is no Right to Treatment Law in the State of Texas.
5.
Individuals certified as sane by the superintendent of the mental hospital are in some cases returned to the hospital after a jury finds that he is still insane.
6.
Individuals certified as sane by the hospital superintendent in some cases wait inordinately long periods of time in jail prior to a sanity restoration hearing in the court.
7.
The existing facilities at the Maximum Security Unit are not sufficient to handle the numbers of patients which are currently hospitalized or which can be expected to be hospitalized in the future.
8.
The Maximum Security Unit is below the median number of physicians of other institutions recently surveyed and below the recommended guidelines previously established by the American Psychiatric Association.
9.
The Maximum Security Unit is below the median number of registered nurses of other institutions recently surveyed and below the recommended guidelines previously established by the American Psychiatric Association.
10.
There are no written regulations for the operation of the seclusion rooms at the Maximum Security Unit.
11.
There are no written regulations for attendants at the Maximum-Security Unit.
Temporal perspective in male delinquents and nondelinquents
(Sam Houston State University, 1971-01) Traweek, John Anthony,1943-; Friel, Charles M.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to conduct an empirical investigation to determine whether there exists a significant difference in the temporal perspectives of delinquent and non-delinquent males. It was hoped that the results might provide a better understanding of delinquent behavior and thus make some contribution to its prevention and treatment.
Methods:
Matched samples of delinquent and non-delinquent subjects were shown nine TAT cards. Accompanying the cards was a schedule consisting of eighteen items, two for each card. The items consisted of the beginning portion of a statement regarding the figures in each picture followed by three alternative completions of the statement. Each alternative was in one of the three verbal tenses: past, present, or future. The number of references to each tense were counted to determine the subject's time perspective score.
Findings:
Analysis of the data indicates that the temporal perspective of the delinquent is more present - oriented than that of the non delinquent. In addition, the temporal perspective of the delinquent is equally or more present-oriented than it is past and future oriented; while that of the non delinquent is more past and future oriented than it is present-oriented.
Infant Abduction from Healthcare Facilities: Prevalence, Explanation, and Risk Mitigation
(Institute for Homeland Security, 2024-08) Lehmann, Peter S.
Hospitals and healthcare facilities employ a combination of technology and staff training to mitigate external threats to patient safety and well-being. One of these threats is infant abduction—a rare but salient concern for hospital staff charged with the protection of vulnerable patients. Though only 140 such events have occurred in the U.S. over the past six decades, there remains a need for vigilance and the implementation of security protocols that are effective but not unduly burdensome on patients and families. Moreover, while hospitals presently use a wide range of processes and techniques to help prevent infant abductions, these facilities must frequently revisit these procedures and consider implementing new and innovative technologies to update their risk-mitigation measures and crisis response plans. Abduction simulations can help hospitals identify vulnerabilities, particularly those that are unknown to staff and can be exploited through the manipulation of human factors. This report provides a summary of (1) the literature on the prevalence and characteristics of infant abductions from healthcare facilities, (2) the theory and research from criminology on the factors associated with infant abduction, and (3) some best practices proposed by experts to help inform healthcare professionals, patients, and policymakers in Texas and nationwide.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Supply Chain Risk Management
(Institute for Homeland Security, 2024-08) Kinney, Alexander B.
The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in the corporate landscape has prompted a wider discussion among public stakeholders and policymakers about the best practices for leveraging this evolving technology to coordinate the global supply chain. In area of supply chain risk management (SCRM), scholars and practitioners have only recently turned their attention to how AI can bolster, or even supplement humans in decision-making processes. While AI holds a great deal of promise in reducing the potential for severe supply chain disruptions, ethical considerations and the novelty of AI-based solutions can introduce multiple challenges for critical infrastructure organizations that may be eager to incorporate this technology. The aim of this technical paper is to describe recent advancements and emerging trends in the use of AI to quantify risk crisis management readiness and make strategic choices using identified risks in decision-making. In what follows, I will provide a review of key research findings, methodologies, and innovations made in the areas of AI and SCRM. Additionally, this paper unpacks core ethical issues including algorithmic bias, responsible data handling, and outsourcing decision-making. These are interrelated issues that critical infrastructure corporations must navigate to maintain a commitment to safety and security while increasing organizational resilience. To conclude, this paper outlines several suggested best practices for businesses that are eager to incorporate artificial intelligence into supply chain risk management protocols and discusses expected trends in the use of AI in SCRM.
Locus of control in prison inmates
(Sam Houston State University, 1975-12) Tilkin, Barbara; Riede, Gregory; Copus, Gary; Shaddock, Jimmy
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to collect normative data on two Internal-External Locus of Control (I-E) Scales (Levenson's I-E Scale and the Adult Nowicki-Strickland Scale), using samples of both male and female inmate populations. It was hypothesized that 1) prison inmates will be at least as external (as measured by the I-E control scales) as college students and community adults, and more so with respect to the beliefs that powerful others and chance control their lives; 2) that black inmates, as well as inmates belonging to other minority groups, will be more external than white inmates; 3) that inmates with low educational levels will be more external than those with higher educational levels (lower vesus middle or upper class environments); and 4) that inmates who have been in prison for long periods of time will be more external than those who have been in prison for a shorter time period, at least on the powerful others dimension. These data will provide support of past studies and provide new normative data on these I-E scales to be used
in future studies. Since externality is associated with maladjustment and marginal groups, confirmation of the above hypothesis will provide a rationale for treatment. This normative data can further be used to assess various treatment methods by providing baseline figures for comparison purposes.